5형식 (사역동사+목적어+목적격 보어(동사원형)) 문장

주어(S) + 사역동사(V) +목적어(O) + 동사원형 보어(OC)

문장의 주체가 자기 스스로 행하지 않고 남에게 그 행동이나 동작을 하게 함을 나타내는 동사이다. 5형식 문형(S + V + O + OC)에서 let, make, have 등의 동사는 '주어가 목적어로 하여금 ~을 하게 하다'의 의미로 쓰일 수 있는데 이때 이를 사역동사라고 한다. 

 

* 5형식이란?

목적보어로는 명사, 형용사, 동사원형, 현재분사, 과거분사, to부정사가 올 수 있다. 5형식의 특징은 목적어와 목적보어 관계가 '주어와 술어의 관계' 즉 '목적어는 목적보어다'의 관계가 성립된다. 목적어가 사람일 때 주어를 '~은/는/이/가'로 해석하면 자연스럽다.

 

1. Help me make it through the night.
2. You made me want to be a better man.

3. The guard let me cross the border.
4. Friends don't let friends drive drunk.
5. Pollen from a flower makes me sneeze.
6. Absence makes the heart grow fonder.
7. The police made me feel like a criminal.
8. My manager helped me become a superstar.
9. Peter let me stay at his place during the summer.
10. My curiosity makes me wander around the world.
11. Love makes the time pass. Time makes love pass.
12. The poverty of my family had me work at night after school.
13. My parents let me play computer games only for 1 hour a day.
14. Working with nice people let me have courage to speak with others.

15. Mass production of waterless toilets would help us conserve lots of water.
16. As symphony orchestra can fill a whole building and make it ring with music.
17. My teacher had us go to the Smithsonian Museum to appreciate Nam June Paik's works.

18. They consider problems from various angles, and do not let them interrupt their work.

19. The ability to understand English will help you keep up with the fast-changing world.
20. Hard work and determination helped me make it on a professional volleyball team.

21. Headlines help you predict the subject of an article, its main idea and its point of view.

22. I like to read spy mysteries, because they let me see what it is like to live as a secret agent.
23. A harsh and complex society makes us feel helpless and insecure and makes us long for improvement.

24. The tutor had the prince study the history of the kingdom and great deeds of his ancestors.

25. Three months' therapy helped me see the reality of my situation and step away from a self-destructive lifestyle.

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[해석]

 

1. Help me make it through the night. 내가 이 밤을 넘길 수 있도록 도와주세요.
2. You made me want to be a better man. 너는 내가 더 나은 사람이 되고 싶게 만들었다.
3. The guard let me cross the border. 그 호위병은 내가 경계를 넘도록 해줬다.
4. Friends don't let friends drive drunk. 친구는 친구가 음주운전을 하게 하지 않는다.
5. Pollen from a flower makes me sneeze. 꽃에서 나오는 꽃가루는 내가 재채기하게 만든다.
6. Absence makes the heart grow fonder. 곁에 없으면 더 좋아지게 된다.
7. The police made me feel like a criminal. 그 경찰관은 내가 범죄자처럼 느끼도록 만들었다.
8. My manager helped me become a superstar. 나의 매니저는 내가 슈퍼스타가 되도록 도와줬다.
9. Peter let me stay at his place during the summer. Peter는 여름동안 내가 그의 집에 머물도록 해주었다.
10. My curiosity makes me wander around the world. 나의 호기심은 내가 온 세상을 방랑하게 만든다.
11. Love makes the time pass. Time makes love pass. 사랑은 시간이 지나가게 한다. 시간은 사랑이 지나가게 한다.
12. The poverty of my family had me work at night after school. 나의 가족들의 가난은 나로 하여금 방과 후 밤에 일하게 만들었다.
13. My parents let me play computer games only for 1 hour a day. 나의 부모님은 오직 하루에 1시간만 내가 컴퓨터 게임을 하도록 하신다.
14. Working with nice people let me have courage to speak with others. 좋은 사람들과 일하는 것은 내가 다른 사람들과 이야기할 용기를 갖게 한다.
15. Mass production of waterless toilets would help us conserve lots of water. 물을 필요로 하지 않는 변기의 대량 생산은 우리가 많은 양의 물을 절약할 수 있도록 도울 것이다.
16. As symphony orchestra can fill a whole building and make it ring with music.111) 교향곡 오케스트라는 건물전체를 음악으로 채우고 그 건물이 음악으로 울리도록 할 수있다.
17. My teacher had us go to the Smithsonian Museum to appreciate Nam June Paik's works. 나의 선생님은 백남준의 작품들을 감상하도록 우리를 스미스소니언박물관에 가게했다.
18. They consider problems from various angles, and do not let them interrupt their work. 그들은 문제들을 다양한 각도에서 고찰하고, 그것들이 그들의 일을 방해하지 않도록 한다.
19. The ability to understand English will help you keep up with the fast-changing world. 영어를 이해할 수 있는 능력은 네가 빨리 변화하는 세상에 뒤떨어지지 않도록 도울 것이다.
20. Hard work and determination helped me make it on a professional volleyball team. 근면과 굳은 의지는 내가 프로 배구 팀에서 성공하도록 도왔다.
21. Headlines help you predict the subject of an article, its main idea and its point of view. 큰 표제는 너로 하여금 기사의 주제와 주요 내용, 그리고 관점을 예측할 수 있도록 돕는다.
22. I like to read spy mysteries, because they let me see what it is like to live as a secret agent. 스파이 추리소설을 읽기를 나는 좋아하는데, 왜냐하면 그것들이 나로 하여금 비밀 요원으로서 사는 것이 어떤 것인지 알수 있게 해주기 때문이다.
23. A harsh and complex society makes us feel helpless and insecure and makes us long for improvement. 거칠고 복잡한 사회는 우리로 하여금 무력감과 불안감을 느끼게 하며 우리로 하여금 개선을 고대하게 만든다.
24. The tutor had the prince study the history of the kingdom and great deeds of his ancestors. 그 가정교사는 왕자가 왕국의 역사와 그의 선조들의 위대한 업적에 관해 배우도록 했다.
25. Three months' therapy helped me see the reality of my situation and step away from a self-destructive lifestyle. 3개월의 치료는 나로 하여금 내가 처한 상황의 현실을 깨닫고, 자기 파괴적 생활방식으로부터 빠져 나오도록 도와주었다.

 

 

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